Len Lawrence

Forename/s: 
Len
Family name: 
Lawrence
Work area/craft/role: 
Industry: 
Interview Number: 
81
Interview Date(s): 
12 Apr 1989
Interviewer/s: 
Production Media: 
Duration (mins): 
80

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Interview
Transcript

Len Lawrence 

Laboratories, Technician, Editor (Stoll, Humphries, Technicolor)

BECTU No.81

Interviewers Alf Cooper (AC) & Alan Lawson (AL)

Date: 12/04/1989

Side 1

00:00:00 – 00:03:58 Introduction; early life; schooling; 11 plus exams; first job in a fruit shop; working in an ironmongers.

00:03:58 – 00:10:44 His brother Bert Lawrence (who worked at Stoll Studios) found him a job in the labs; Syd Bailey; Ron Austin; he describes his experience of working in the drying room; he worked in negative assembly all his life; [George Allnutt?]; George Irons; working in the chemical lab – cleaning chemicals and sinks; Vic Berg – manager of the lab at Stoll, worked closely with Bert Lawrence (actually Len’s half brother – he discusses other family members); Len used to work as a scene shifter at the Richmond Theatre and Chiswick Empire for extra money.

00:10:44 – 00:14:20 Other work undertaken by the Stoll lab outside of work coming out of the studio; George Nurton; Bill Popel; the labs were only busy when the studio was busy – they didn’t do any release printing; he was laid off a few times; Dot Dooley; Jack Dooley (still photographer); 16 months at Stoll; lived in Richmond during this period.

00:14:20 – 00:26:15 He got the job in 1933 and left after they had a fire at Stoll’s while they were making the ‘racing film’; went to Best Lab (which later became Humphries) next working in the pos-room waxing the rushes using a [Moy machine?]; he joined the ACT 24/1/36; he started at Humphries in 1934; Tony Schmitz; paid extra money for working night work (which he did 6 nights a week); long hours but good working conditions; high speed sound developers; Fred Skipper (chemical mixer/chemical fades; Jim Skipper; Mr Brookes (night manager); Mr Murray started him pos-cutting on nights; Charley Jewel (neg-developer); Fred Harris (grader); grading jobs were like gold dust – needed to be in with the management; George Barker later went to Denham – Len used to drive him when he was on nights; Tom Chamberlain went to Denham too; Len reads his notice from Best Lab (Humphries) in 1939.

00:26:15 – 00:31:45 He had previously joined the AFS on a part-time basis in 1938 and was put on the riverboats on the Thames; talks about his mother and other family; in the AFS they sailed up and down the Thames from Richmond lock – never attended a fire during the war; January 1940 he got the sack from the fire service; he was called up for conscription despite a hearing problem; Royal Fusiliers Hounslow barracks; joined Gloucester regiment until 1946 when he was demobbed; 

00:31:45 – 00:41:37 When he originally joined the army he requested to work with the photographic unit; eventually he got a post at the army film unit at Pinewood as an assistant editor; Dickie Best; Bob Carrick; Len worked on Desert Victory during this time; the Americans worked at Pinewood too; Jerry Norman; they slept in the dressing rooms at Pinewood; his wife was one of the WRAF cooks at Pinewood; when he got out he used to go ‘the dogs’ and meet some of his army friends; he didn’t work for 2-3 months after the army; he then applied to Technicolor some time in 1946.

00:41:37 – 00:43:57 He choose Technicolor because he didn’t want to work in London, choosing Technicolor as it was closer to Richmond; worked there for 32 years; Mr Linsey (neg-assembly); Len started in the neg-cutting room; he was very happy working there. 

Side 2

00:00:00 – 00:09:20 Started in neg assembly at Technicolor; Ken Grey; he then became a foreman for quite a while and then a supervisor; they discuss salaries at Technicolor; Ken Llloyd in charge of neg cutting before Ken Grey; Len later looked after shorts and documentaries – titles and opticals; Ken Hicks (supervisor neg assembly); Frank Power; when he was in charge of shorts and documentaries he would often meet the filmmakers; Len and Alf Cooper discuss titling jobs which were done on the side for extra money. 

00:09:20 – 00:16:47 Len enjoyed working at Technicolor but regrets spending 32 years working there; when he left he started taking on his own titling jobs for which he earned more in 6-12 months than he would for 2 years at Technicolor; the ‘big lockout’ – he went out on strike as foreman and stood on the picket-line; they discuss the aftermath of the strike – how staff were treated as a result; features got the priority in the cutting room – shorts took second or third place.

00:16:47 – 00:25:05 Relationship with Assistant Plant Superintendent – Len says a man named Wells gave them trouble when working nights; Len was also made Assistant Plant Superintendent; he didn’t know much about the IB but if anything went wrong they would have to come to him; Bert Sibley was APS as well; he was paid extra for APS but not for overtime; George Gunn had a horse in a stable at the plant which he would ride in the mornings.

00:25:05 – 00:36:06 Len enjoyed he years in the film business but wouldn’t have stayed at Technicolor for 32 years; the day war broke out – Len put out sandbags in front of Humphries; when the sirens sounded at 11 o’clock they took shelter in the basement where the chemical labs were; discussion about Kay’s laboratories and the ACT and various members; discussion about where ACT meetings took place; 1350 people worked at Technicolor and they were all covered by one union agreement although everyone was in their own union; best job in the area before the airport came.

[END]

Biographical
  • Len was born in London (exact birth date not recorded in the transcript). historyproject.org.uk

  • He passed the 11-plus exam, which determined secondary school placement in the UK. historyproject.org.uk

  • His schooling ended (or he left formal education) relatively early. His first jobs included working in a fruit shop and then in an ironmonger’s. These early jobs were not connected to film but built up his work ethic and mechanical / manual experience. historyproject.org.uk

  • He had a half-brother, Bert Lawrence, who worked at Stoll Studios; through Bert, Len got his first lab job. historyproject.org.uk


Entry into Film Laboratory Work

  • His first lab work was at Stoll Studios. There, he was in roles such as working in the drying room and then in negative assembly, which involves joining or arranging film negatives. historyproject.org.uk

  • Also worked in the chemical lab at Stoll, cleaning sinks, handling chemicals — early exposure to the “wet side” of film labs. historyproject.org.uk

  • He started at Stoll around 1933. After a fire at Stoll during production of a “racing film,” he left that job. historyproject.org.uk

  • Then he moved to Best Lab, which later became Humphries, beginning around 1934. There he worked nights, did “pos-cutting” (positive print room work / cutting positives), waxing rushes using a Moy machine, negative development (neg-developer work), etc. historyproject.org.uk


War Service (WWII period)

  • Before the war fully got underway, Len joined the Auxiliary Fire Service (AFS) on a part-time basis around 1938; he worked on the Thames river boats from Richmond lock but was later dismissed from the fire service in January 1940. historyproject.org.uk

  • He was then conscripted (despite a hearing impairment) and served in the Gloucester Regiment until 1946, when he was demobilised. During his military service, he requested to work with the Army Film Unit. Eventually he obtained a post as assistant editor with the Army Film Unit at Pinewood. He worked on Desert Victory among other productions. historyproject.org.uk

  • He married (or had a wife) who had served in the WRAF (Women’s Royal Air Force) and she was working as a cook at Pinewood during his time there. historyproject.org.uk


Technicolor & Later Career

  • After demobilization in 1946, Len applied for and got a job at Technicolor. historyproject.org.uk

  • He worked at Technicolor for 32 years. historyproject.org.uk

  • At Technicolor, he started in the negative cutting room (neg-assembly) and rose through the ranks: first foreman, later supervisor. He also had responsibility for titles and opticals, and took charge of work on shorts and documentaries. historyproject.org.uk

  • Outside his regular Technicolor work, he also did “titling jobs” on the side which at some periods earned him more in a short time than he would get working in his regular Technicolor job over longer spans. He expressed some regret that he stayed as long as he did at Technicolor; these side jobs sometimes were more profitable. historyproject.org.uk


Unionism, Strikes, and Workplace Conditions

  • Len was active in union / labour action. For example, he participated in strikes and lock-outs, including one large “lockout” (the transcript refers to The “big lockout”) while he was foreman. He stood on the picket line. historyproject.org.uk

  • As a supervisor / foreman he sometimes had to act as an intermediary between management and workers, e.g. dealing with night work issues, pay for supervision, etc. historyproject.org.uk

  • He spoke of the conditions of night shifts, of working long hours (six nights a week at some times), of being laid off during slow periods, etc. historyproject.org.uk


Reflections & Later Life Insights

  • Len said he “enjoyed the years in the film business.” However, he also expressed a sense of missed opportunities: that working side-jobs (e.g. titling) might have been more profitable than being a long-term regular staff member at Technicolor. historyproject.org.uk

  • He expressed some regrets about staying too long, or that he might have had more financial benefit had he been more flexible. But he also spoke with pride about the craftsmanship, technical skill, standards, and people he worked with. historyproject.org.uk

  • Len’s work is preserved in the oral history transcript number 81 of the British Entertainment History Project, recorded 12 April 1989. historyproject.org.uk